Among the Ojibwe, male-to-female individuals are known as ikwekaazo, which literally translates to "men who chose to function as women", whereas female-to-male individuals are known as ininiikaazo. Many other indigenous groups recognise similar terms: the Inuit sipiniq ( ᓯᐱᓂᖅ), the Assiniboine wįktą, the Tlingit gatxan, and the Tsimshian kanâ'ts. The Blackfoot term aakíí'skassi (meaning "acts like a woman" also spelt a'yai-kik-ahsi) describes men who dress as women and typically perform chores and activities associated with women, such as basket weaving and pottery making. Similarly, the Kutenai titqattek describes women who take on roles traditionally characterized as masculine, including hunting and warfare. The Cree term apêw iskwêwisêhot refers to people who are assigned male at birth but act, dress and behave as female, while the term iskwêw ka napêwayat has the opposite meaning, that being a person assigned female at birth but acts and behaves as male. Many transgender people in these traditional roles were in positions of reverence, where they acted as caretakers of children who had lost their families, spiritual healers and warriors in battle. These First Nations had perceptions towards gender and sexuality which differed significantly to that of the Western world. Different indigenous groups have had their own traditions and terms to refer to transgender people, gender variance or sexual identity. Transgender people and cross-dressing practices have been recorded and documented in Canada for centuries. Main articles: LGBT history in Canada and Timeline of LGBT history in Canada
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Every summer, Canada's LGBT community celebrates gay pride in all major cities, with many political figures from the federal, provincial and municipal scenes.
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The country's largest cities feature their own gay areas and communities, such as Toronto's Church and Wellesley neighbourhood, Montreal's Gay Village commercial district, Vancouver's Davie Village and Ottawa's Bank Street Gay Village.
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It was also ranked first (indicating least dangerous) in Asher & Lyric's LGBTQ+ Danger Index in a 2021. Ĭanada was referred to as the most gay-friendly country in the world, when it was ranked first in the Gay Travel Index chart in 2021, and among the five safest in Forbes magazine in 2019. In 2005, Canada was the fourth country in the world, and the first in the Americas, to implement same-sex marriage nationwide. In a landmark decision in 1995, Egan v Canada, the Supreme Court of Canada held that sexual orientation is constitutionally protected under the equality clause of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Same-sex sexual activity was made lawful in Canada on June 27, 1969, when the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1968–69 (also known as Bill C-150) was brought into force upon royal assent. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender ( LGBT) rights in Canada are some of the most extensive in the Americas and in the world.